Per Wiki: Gmail is a free email service provided by Google. As of 2019, it had 1.5 billion active users worldwide. A user typically accesses Gmail in a web browser or the official mobile app. Google also supports the use of email clients via the POP and IMAP protocols.
At its launch in 2004, Gmail provided a storage capacity of one gigabyte per user, which was significantly higher than its competitors offered at the time. Today, the service comes with 15 gigabytes of storage. Users can receive emails up to 50 megabytes in size, including attachments, while they can send emails up to 25 megabytes. In order to send larger files, users can insert files from Google Drive into the message. Gmail has a search-oriented interface and a "conversation view" similar to an Internet forum. The service is notable among website developers for its early adoption of Ajax.
Google's mail servers automatically scan emails for multiple purposes, including filtering spam and malware and adding context-sensitive advertisements next to emails. This advertising practice has been significantly criticized by privacy advocates due to concerns over unlimited data retention, ease of monitoring by third parties, users of other email providers not having agreed to the policy upon sending emails to Gmail addresses, and the potential for Google to change its policies to further decrease privacy by combining information with other Google data usage. The company has been the subject of lawsuits concerning the issues. Google has stated that email users must "necessarily expect" their emails to be subject to automated processing and claims that the service refrains from displaying ads next to potentially sensitive messages, such as those mentioning race, religion, sexual orientation, health, or financial statements. In June 2017, Google announced the end to the use of contextual Gmail content for advertising purposes, relying instead on data gathered from the use of its other services.
Compose and Chat | |
Previous message in an open conversation | P |
Next message in an open conversation | N |
Focus the main window | Shift+Esc |
Focus the latest chat or compose | Esc |
Advance to the next chat or compose | Ctrl+ . |
Advance to the previous chat or compose | Ctrl+ , |
Send | Ctrl+Enter |
Add cc recipients | Ctrl+Shift+C |
Add bcc recipients | Ctrl+Shift+B |
Access custom from | Ctrl+Shift+F |
Insert a link | Ctrl+K |
Go to the next misspelled word (Mac only) | Cmd+ ; |
Open spelling suggestions | Ctrl+M |
Formatting Text | |
Previous font | Ctrl+Shift+5 |
Next font | Ctrl+Shift+6 |
Decrease font size | Ctrl+Shift+(-) |
Increase font size | Ctrl+Shift+(+) |
Bold | Ctrl+B |
Italics | Ctrl+I |
Underline | Ctrl+U |
Numbered list | Ctrl+Shift+7 |
Bulleted list | Ctrl+Shift+8 |
Quote | Ctrl+Shift+9 |
Indent less | Ctrl+ [ |
Indent more | Ctrl+ ] |
Align left | Ctrl+Shift+L |
Align center | Ctrl+Shift+E |
Align right | Ctrl+Shift+R |
Remove formatting | Ctrl+ \ |
Actions | |
Move focus to the toolbar | , |
Select conversation | X |
Toggle star or rotate among superstars | S |
Archive | E |
Mute conversation | M |
Report as spam | Shift+1 |
Delete | Shift+3 |
Reply | R |
Reply in a new window | Shift+R |
Reply all | A |
Reply all in a new window | Shift+A |
Forward | F |
Forward in a new window | Shift+F |
Update conversation | Shift+N |
Archive conversation and go to previous or next | ]/[ |
Undo the last action | Z |
Mark as read | Shift+I |
Mark as unread | Shift+U |
Mark unread from the selected message | Shift+ - |
Mark as important | = |
Mark as not important | - |
Snooze | B |
Expand entire conversation | ; |
Collapse entire conversation | Shift+ ; |
Add conversation to tasks | Shift+T |
Hangouts | |
Show menu | H+M |
Show archived hangouts | H+A |
Show hangout requests | H+I |
Focus on the conversation list | H+C |
Open phone | H+P |
Jumping | |
Go to inbox | G+I |
Go to starred conversations | G+S |
Go to snoozed conversations | G+B |
Go to sent messages | G+T |
Go to drafts | S+D |
Go to all mail | G+A |
Switch between the calendar, keep, and tasks sidebar and your inbox | Ctrl+Alt+,/. |
Go to tasks | G+K |
Go to label | G+L |
Thread list Selection | |
Select all conversations | Shift+8+A |
Deselect all conversations | Shift+8+N |
Select read conversations | Shift+8+R |
Select unread conversations | Shift+8+U |
Select starred conversations | Shift+8+S |
Select unstarred conversations | Shift+8+T |
Navigation | |
Go to the next page | G+N |
Go to the previous page | G+P |
Back to thread list | U |
Newer conversation | K |
Older conversation | J |
Open conversation | Enter |
Go to the next inbox section | ` |
Go to the previous inbox section | Shift+` |
Application | |
Compose | C |
Compose in a new tab | D |
Search mail | / |
Search chat contacts | G |
Open more actions menu | . |
Open move to menu | V |
Open-label as menu | L |
Open keyboard shortcut help | ? |
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